Overview & Definition
Erythrocytosis (Polycythemia) is a condition marked by an abnormally high concentration of red blood cells and hemoglobin, causing hyperviscosity (thickened blood) and increased risk of blood clots.
Types & Classification
- Primary Erythrocytosis (Polycythemia Vera)
- Secondary Erythrocytosis (Hypoxia-driven)
- Relative Erythrocytosis (Dehydration / Stress)
- Congenital High Affinity Hemoglobinopathy
Underlying Causes & Risk Factors
- JAK2 V617F gene mutation in bone marrow stem cells
- Chronic hypoxia (Smoking, COPD, Sleep Apnea)
- High altitude living
- Erythropoietin-secreting tumors (Kidney/Liver)
Common Symptoms & Warning Signs
Diagnostic Evaluation
Accurate diagnosis requires comprehensive laboratory investigation under expert hematological supervision:
- 🔍 CBC showing Hemoglobin > 16.5 g/dL (Men) or > 16.0 g/dL (Women)
- 🔍 Serum Erythropoietin (EPO) Level Test
- 🔍 JAK2 Exon 14 & Exon 12 Mutation Analysis
- 🔍 Bone Marrow Biopsy examining erythroid hyperplasia
Treatment Options & Clinical Management
Under the guidance of Dr. Saikat Datta and Dr. Sachin Bansal, treatment strategies are tailored to individual clinical severity:
- 💊 Therapeutic Phlebotomy (Venesection) to maintain Hct < 45%
- 💊 Low-dose Aspirin antiplatelet therapy
- 💊 Cytoreductive agents (Hydroxyurea, Pegylated Interferon)
- 💊 Targeted JAK2 Inhibitors (Ruxolitinib)
- 💊 Treatment of underlying hypoxia/COPD
Frequently Asked Questions
Early indicators include persistent fatigue, unexpected blood count changes on routine CBC, easy bruising, or frequent infections. Early consultation with a specialist ensures timely intervention.
Diagnosis involves detailed peripheral blood smear examination, specialized blood biomarker panels, and where indicated, bone marrow aspiration or genetic screening.
Need Expert Consultation for Erythrocytosis?
Schedule an appointment at Yashoda Hospital Secunderabad or Dr KK Clinic West Marredpally.